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Existing\nmitigations already protect kernel/KVM from a malicious guest. Userspace\ncan additionally be protected by flushing the branch predictors after a\nVMexit.\n\nSince it is the userspace that consumes the poisoned branch predictors,\nconditionally issue an IBPB after a VMexit and before returning to\nuserspace. Workloads that frequently switch between hypervisor and\nuserspace will incur the most overhead from the new IBPB.\n\nThis new IBPB is not integrated with the existing IBPB sites. For\ninstance, a task can use the existing speculation control prctl() to\nget an IBPB at context switch time. With this implementation, the\nIBPB is doubled up: one at context switch and another before running\nuserspace.\n\nThe intent is to integrate and optimize these cases post-embargo.\n\n[ dhansen: elaborate on suboptimal IBPB solution ]"}], "id": "CVE-2025-40300", "lastModified": "2026-05-12T13:17:18.637", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-09-11T17:15:45.680", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15006289e5c38b2a830e1fba221977a27598176c"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f4f2f8f860cb4c3336a7435ebe8dcfded0c9c6e"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f8f173413f1cbf52660d04df92d0069c4306d25"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34e5667041050711a947e260fc9ebebe08bddee5"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459274c77b37ac63b78c928b4b4e748d1f9d05c8"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/510603f504796c3535f67f55fb0b124a303b44c8"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/893387c18612bb452336a5881da0d015a7e8f4a2"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c23a90648e831d611152ac08dbcd1283d405e7f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac60717f9a8d21c58617d0b34274babf24135835"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c08192b5d6730a914dee6175bc71092ee6a65f14"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5490dfa35427a2967e00a4c7a1b95fdbc8ede34"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d7ddc93392e4a7ffcccc86edf6ef3e64c778db52"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f866eef8d1c65504d30923c3f14082ad294d0e6d"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/14/3"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/14/4"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/14/6"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/17/2"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Mailing List"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/17/3"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"}, {"source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: x86/vmscape: Add conditional IBPB mitigation", "id": "2394627", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2394627"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-402", "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "To mitigate this issue IBPB each time the kernel returns to QEMU."}, "name": "CVE-2025-40300", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-11T16:49:24Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40300\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40300\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15006289e5c38b2a830e1fba221977a27598176c\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f4f2f8f860cb4c3336a7435ebe8dcfded0c9c6e\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34e5667041050711a947e260fc9ebebe08bddee5\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459274c77b37ac63b78c928b4b4e748d1f9d05c8\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/510603f504796c3535f67f55fb0b124a303b44c8\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/893387c18612bb452336a5881da0d015a7e8f4a2\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c23a90648e831d611152ac08dbcd1283d405e7f\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac60717f9a8d21c58617d0b34274babf24135835\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c08192b5d6730a914dee6175bc71092ee6a65f14\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5490dfa35427a2967e00a4c7a1b95fdbc8ede34\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d7ddc93392e4a7ffcccc86edf6ef3e64c778db52\nhttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f866eef8d1c65504d30923c3f14082ad294d0e6d"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-09-12T08:02:51.162993+00:00", "updated": "2025-09-12T08:02:51.163061+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}